Traduction appliquée au monde professionnel L2S3 LEA ANGLAIS TD ESP-B
Traduction appliquée au monde professionnel L2S3 LEA ANGLAIS TD ESP-B
20 Environment/Justice/Economy terms
- Break a/the law (Justice > Law > Expressions)
- idiom
- To do something that is illegal. (The Free Dictionary By Farlex)
- Example: 1. The statutes are different in different places so sometimes you can break a law without even knowing it! (source : The Free Dictionary By Farlex)
2. Everyone should know that there’s often so much more going on below the surface when a kid breaks the law. (source : The Guardian)
3. Hundreds of Met Police officers have been getting away with breaking the law and misconduct, a report has found. (source : BBC)
4. Legal scholars have been fascinated for two centuries about whether an American president can break the law and remain immune from prosecution. (source : Fox News)
5. By breaking into my house, my colleague can be condemned for breaking the law if I call the police.
- fr: Enfreindre une/la loi
- Chainsaw (Environment > Forest > Technique > Tools)
- noun
- A large saw with a motor and teeth-like parts fitted onto a continuous chain, used especially for cutting trees. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. By the mid-1950s, chainsaws were in use for felling and cutting trees. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. With his macabre horror masterpiece The Texas Chainsaw Massacre, Hooper found dark inspiration in the shadowy, secretive side of the American household. (source : The Guardian)
3. Austin homeless man accused of menacing neighborhood, walking around with chainsaw. (source : Fox News)
4. The chainsaw "did a cracking job" and entry was gained in about a minute. (source : BBC)
5. My brother doesn't like using handsaws for cutting trees, he prefers chainsaws because they are less tiring.
- fr: Tronçonneuse
- Chop down (Environment > Forest > Technique)
- phrasal verb
- To cut through something to make it fall down.
Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. Most of the diseased trees were chopped down last year. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. City secretly planned to chop down half its trees. (source : The Times)
3. Should I chop down our magnolia and replace it with an art installation? (source : The Guardian)
4. The lumberjack chopped down all the trees around my house.
- fr: Abattre/couper (un arbre/du bois)
- Contactless (Economy > Trade > Money > Debit card)
- adjective
- Relating to the use of wireless technology to make a payment using a credit card or debit card, or a mobile phone. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. Our debit cards are now contactless and will work at contactless readers throughout the UK. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. EU claims Apple breaking competition law over contactless payments. (source : The Guardian)
3. London street performers to be first in world to be paid with contactless cards. (source : Fox News)
4. Yesterday, i used contactless payment for buying books and other stuff in a bookstore.
5. John's uncle prefers use cash than contactless payment, he's afraid of new technologies.
- fr: Sans contact
- Criminal record (Justice > Police investigation)
- noun
- An official record of crimes that a person has committed. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. They fired him when they found out he had a criminal record. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. Rape victim with criminal record denied compensation. (source : BBC)
3. Dallas airport accused shooter has lengthy criminal record, claimed to be Chris Brown's wife, 'God's prophet'. (source : Fox News)
4. Don’t risk criminal record, police warn protesters in Bristol and Bath. (source : The Times)
- fr: Casier judiciaire
- Custody (Justice > Police > Jail) / (Justice > Trial > Family)
- noun
- 1. The legal right or duty to care for someone or something, especially a child after its parents have separated or died.
2. The state of being kept in prison, especially while waiting to go to court for trial.
Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. The mother got/received custody of the child. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. The suspect is now in custody. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
3. New Zealand places child in anti-vax blood case in custody. (source : BBC)
4.Texas man shot to death during custody argument, lawyer claims it was self-defense. (source : Fox News)
5. He's in custody after driving while drunk.
- fr: Garde à vue/Détention provisoire/Garde (enfants)
- Customs duty <=> Customs tax (Economy > Trade > Tax)
- noun
- A tax paid on goods that are imported. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. Non-traditional exporters are exempt from customs duty and VAT on imports of machinery and equipment. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. Lord Elgin paid no British customs tax on Parthenon marbles, letters suggest. (source : The Guardian)
3. The European Commission has written to the UK government saying the UK owes €2.7bn (£2.4bn) in customs duties on shoes and textiles imported from China. (source : BBC)
4. Customs duty would increase by 4% from now until 2030.
- fr: Taxe douanière
- Death sentence <=> Death penalty (Justice > Trial > Sentence)
- noun
- A legal punishment of a crime by death.
Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. In some countries, drug-smuggling still carries the death sentence. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. Equatorial Guinea abolishes death penalty. (source : The Guardian)
3. Death penalties were abolished in France in 1981.
- fr: Peine de mort
- Drought (Environment > Natural Disaster > Earth)
- noun
- A long period when there is little or no rain. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. The effects of climate change (for example) include sea level rises, and increased frequencies of droughts, storms, and extreme temperatures. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. Europe’s rivers run dry as scientists warn drought could be worst in 500 years. (source : The Guardian)
3. A special report on the devastating drought situation in the central city of Baidoa. (source : BBC)
4. The plant in my garden died due to important drought during the summer.
- fr: Sécheresse
- Electronic tag (Justice > Trial > Sentence > Device)
- noun
- An electronic device that is fastened to a person, animal, or object, so that police, scientists, or other people can know where they are or find other information about them. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. He goes to work wearing an electronic tag, so police can track him. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. A Somalian refugee, who authorities believe acted as a recruiting agent for an Islamist terror group, is to have his electronic tag removed because he was scared it contained a bomb. (source : The Guardian)
3. PCC Paddy Tipping suggests electronic tags for shoplifters. (source : BBC)
4. The electronic tag permitted to avoid the criminal to commit a kidnapping.
- fr: Bracelet électronique
- Flooding (Environment > Natural disaster > Water)
- noun
- A situation in which an area is covered with water, especially from rain, but it can also happen due to typhoons, tsunami, and other natural disasters.
Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. Some roads have been closed because of flooding. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. Alaskans grapple with fallout from typhoon-related flooding. (source : The Guardian)
3. The heavy rain caused flooding because water started to fall down from the mountain.
- fr: Inondation
- Get down to business <=> Get down to work (Economy > Business > Expressions)
- idiom
- To begin doing something with the seriousness or determination the action requires; to begin doing what needs to be done.
Source : The Free Dictionary By Farlex
- Example: 1. OK, let's quit fooling around and get down to business. (source : The Free Dictionary By Farlex)
2. Brexit talks resume: Get down to business, David Davis urges. (source : BBC)
3. Europe's talking shop gets down to business. (source : The Guardian)
4. If the introductions are over I'd like to get down to business. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
5. You should get down to business if you want to go to the party tonight.
- fr: Passer aux choses sérieuses/Se mettre au travail
- Maternity leave (Economy > Employment > Leave)
- noun
- A period in which a woman is legally allowed to be absent from work in the weeks before and after she gives birth. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. The changes will affect any women on maternity leave or taking a career break while they raise children. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. One report found maternity leave discrimination leads to 54,000 women losing their jobs each year. (source : The Guardian)
3. I signed my company’s biggest deals while on maternity leave. (source : The Times)
4. New mothers are entitled to 52 weeks of maternity leave. (source : BBC)
- fr: Congé maternité
- No tree grows to the sky <=> Trees don't grow to the sky (Environment > Forest > Expression) / (Economy > Business > Expression)
- idiom
- Growth cannot continue unchecked forever. Typically used in reference to a stock market that has experienced rising prices for an extended period of time. Source : The Free Dictionary By Farlex
- Example: 1. Because of the past banking crises, this shareholder should remember that no tree grows to the sky.
2. I know the stock market is booming right now, but there will eventually be a price correction. I mean, no tree grows to the sky. (source : The Free Dictionary by Farlex)
- fr: Les arbres ne grimpent pas jusqu'au ciel
- Pay up (Economy > Business > Money)
- verb
- To give someone the money that you owe them, especially when you do not want to. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. Eventually they paid up, but only after receiving several reminders. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. Secret Service made to pay up to $1,185 a night for Trump hotel stays, files show. (source : The Guardian)
3. Fare dodgers pay up £500,000, rail firm says. (source : BBC)
4. My neighbor called me several times yesterday, I have to pay him up today.
- fr: Régler une dette
- Plea (Justice > Trial > Different roles)
- noun
- 1. an urgent and emotional request.
2. the answer that a person gives in court when they have been accused of committing a crime.
3. a statement made by someone in a court of law in which they say if they are guilty of something that they are accused of.
Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. Two pleas of guilty were dealt with and one trial took place. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. Negotiations over a possible guilty plea are likely to take some time, the New York Times reported. (source : The Guardian)
3. Mother, 70, makes plea for unpaid carers to be recognized. (source : BBC)
- fr: Plaidoirie
- Price list (Economy > Company > Sales > Prices)
- noun
- A list of prices for the goods or services offered by a company. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. This price list is constantly updated as new publications are produced. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. In a tweet, which has since gone viral, an account named Harry Styles Updates posted a pic of the questionable merchandise price list from Styles' San Francisco show. (source : Fox News)
3. Under the plan, dentists will be required to clearly display a price list for key services. (source : BBC)
4. The sales manager gave the company's price list to the employees.
- fr: Tarifs/Grille tarifaire
- Water table <=> Ground water table (Environment > Water > Ground)
- noun
- The level below the surface of the ground at which you start to find water. Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. The water table in the experimental site ranged from 1.2 to 1.4 m throughout the crop growth periods. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2. Increasing the water table under the UK's arable peatland can help boost yields and the amount of carbon stored in the soil, a study has suggested. (source : BBC)
3. In less than a decade, Bali’s water table has sunk more than 50 meters (164 feet) in some areas, according to data provided by IDEP. (source : The Washington Post)
4. Waste burying constitutes a threat for the water quality of water table.
5. Farmers couldn't use their wells because the groundwater table went dry.
- fr: Nappe phréatique
- Water treatment plant <=> Sewage treatment plant
(Environment > Water > Treatment)
- noun
- A place where sewage is treated so that it can be safely gotten rid of or changed into fertilizer.
Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. Its technology harvests phosphorus and ammonia from municipal sewage treatment plants and turns it into fertilizer pellets. (source : The Guardian)
2. The water treatment plants of my city have faced mechanic problems since the beginning of the week.
3. Next month, children are going to visit a water treatment plant to learn more about it.
- fr: Station d'épuration
- Wind turbine
(Environment > Renewable energy > Wind)
- noun
- A tall structure with blades that are blown round by the wind and produce power to make electricity.
Source : Cambridge Dictionary
- Example: 1. The wind turbines are visible on the horizon as you look out to sea. (source : Cambridge Dictionary)
2.Texas wind turbine catches fire after lightning strike (source : BBC)
3. Veterans Affairs wind turbine, built for $2.3 million, stands dormant (source : Fox news)
4. A boat crashed into two wind turbines in the sea.
- fr: Éolienne
